Gallagher Premiership clubs could go bust if fans are not allowed into stadiums by the end of the year, Exeter Chiefs chairman Tony Rowe has said.
The Premiership, which has been suspended since March, will resume later this month but games will be played without supporters as part of measures to curb the spread of the coronavirus.
The Chiefs, one of the few clubs to have consistently posted profits in the last few years, were losing more than £1 million each month, Rowe said.
"I don't think the rugby fraternity realise how much clubs are losing," he told British media. "We still have to maintain all the infrastructure, as well as the playing side, so it's been incredibly difficult.
"Most of the clubs will have worked out how long they can survive but, if we can't get some decent revenue coming in by the new year, we've got serious problems.
"At Exeter ... we're fortunate we've been able to lean back on some of our assets to help raise the funds we need to keep going, but I do fear for some of the other clubs."
Rowe also said clubs had been hit particularly hard by the loss of matchday revenue.
"Central funding is made up of TV, league sponsors and RFU money. However, the bigger money comes from bums on seats and if we can't get spectators into the stadium, we're all going to be in trouble," he added.
Exeter who are top of the league, will resume their campaign against Leicester Tigers on Aug. 15.