London 2012 Olympic high jump champion Ivan Ukhov is among 12 Russian track and field athletes to be handed doping bans by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS).
Ukhov and Svetlana Shkolina, who won high jump bronze in 2012 and gold at the 2013 world championships, were given four-year bans on Friday and were retrospectively disqualified, meaning they will be stripped of their medals.
American Erik Kynard is expected to be promoted to gold in the 2012 Olympic men's event while compatriot Brigetta Barrett, who took silver in London, is in line to be promoted to world champion after finishing second in Moscow.
Double world champion and former world record holder hammer thrower Tatyana Lysenko, who had previously been stripped of her 2012 Olympic gold, was given an eight-year ban for a second offence, as was fellow hammer thrower Gulfiya Agafonova.
CAS said the 12 athletes "participated in and/or benefited from anabolic steroid doping programs and benefited from specific protective methods".
The athletes can appeal their cases to a separate division of CAS, and Russian officials said they were awaiting CAS's full verdict in the cases before deciding on any action.
"So far, the decision has been made by the first instance authority which, as far as I know, made it on the basis of [Russian whistle blower Grigory] Rodchenkov's testimony. Now we need to wait for the substantive part [of the court's decision], after which we will think what to do," Russian athletics chief Dmitry Shlyakhtin told TASS news agency.
The decisions were the first case of CAS issuing disciplinary procedures since it replaced the Russian Athletics Federation (RUSAF) in hearing cases after its suspension by the Internationals Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), which remains in force.
CAS was acting on evidence from the McLaren Report which found Russia had operated a state-sponsored doping programme.
"This should serve to reassure athletes that a lot of work is being conducted behind the scenes by various organisations that are committed to ensure that justice is rendered," World Anti-Doping Agency Director General Olivier Niggli said in a statement.
"It reinforces the importance of ensuring that due process is followed and that evidence is carefully presented.
"This creates an important precedent that will be used in future cases."
The bans are the latest in a long line handed down to Russians across a range of sports since widespread and organised doping was uncovered.
Russian authorities have denied that it was "state-sponsored" but have accepted that many senior officials were involved either in providing the illegal products or interfering with anti-doping procedures and covering up positive tests.
WADA last month finally gained access to data held in a Moscow laboratory, the last condition for making Russia's anti-doping agency compliant, that is expected to produce more retrospective positive tests.
The banned athletes and the terms of the bans are:
Tatyana Firova (400m) received a four-year ban from June 9 2016
Svetlana Shkolina (high jump) received a four-year ban from Feb. 1 2019
Ivan Ukhov (high jump) received a four-year ban from Feb. 1 2019
Lyukman Adams (triple jump) received a four-year ban from Jan. 31 2019
Anna Bulgakova (hammer throw) received a four-year ban from March 29 2017
Gulfiya Agafonova-Khanafeeva (hammer throw) received an eight-year ban from Jan. 6 2017
Tatyana Lysenko Beloborodva (hammer throw) received an eight-year ban from July 2 2016
Ivan Yushkov (shot put) received a four-year ban from July 2 2016
Mariya Bespalova (hammer throw) already suspended since 26 October 2015
Vera Ganeeva (discus) received a two-year ban from July 2 2018
Yekaterina Galitskaia (100m hurdles) received a four-year ban from Feb. 1 2019
Yuliya Kondakova (100m hurdles) received a four-year ban from Feb. 1 2019